2,131 research outputs found
THE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OPEN HARBOR INITIATIVE
The efficiency of harbor management plays a significant economic role to a nation in various aspects, including trading business, logistics and the manufacturing. The visibility of harbor activities and management determines the performance of the whole logistic chain. The harbor agencies continuously strive to provide better operation models to the stakeholders by collecting and analyzing these data populated from the activities. To expedite this improvement, an Open Innovation Model is called to encourage more special interest groups to contribute their works; the harbor agencies disclose the datasets derived from those servicing activities through the government Open Data platforms. Since there is no clear picture of how these contributors would utilize the datasets for their researches, there is a considerable requirement gap between the dataset provider - the harbor agencies and the consumers - the interest groups. This paper surveyed the open datasets provided by the advanced harbors using the textual analysis and the text mining approaches to emerge the potential requirements for the Open Harbor initiative followers such as Taiwan. By taking the example of Taiwan Open Harbor initiative, it reexamined the potential meaning against the already opened datasets and tangibly identified where they could be further enhanced to bring more value to the interest groups. Based on these findings, this paper presents the initiative realization models through the Enterprise Architecture - a methodology of defining the information systems from the strategic planning to the realization -processes as the recommendations to those pursuing operation eminence harbor agencies
Yeast cytochrome c oxidase: a model system to study mitochondrial forms of the haem-copper oxidase superfamily.
The known subunits of yeast mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase are reviewed. The structures of all eleven of its subunits are explored by building homology models based on the published structures of the homologous bovine subunits and similarities and differences are highlighted, particularly of the core functional subunit I. Yeast genetic techniques to enable introduction of mutations into the three core mitochondrially-encoded subunits are reviewed
Smart Material Planning Optimization Problem Analysis
Mostly, the concept of smart manufacturing is addressed based upon how to effectively facilitate the production activities by using the automation equipment; however, causing the fluctuation of production may frequently root to the uncertain incoming sales orders. These uncertain factors may be influenced by various economic parameters, such as changes within trade regulations, competitor innovations, and changes within the market. In order to reduce the difference between the forecasted demand versus actual demand and to minimize risk, these factors need to be taken into account and be fully investigated. The current widely applied forecast methods are factory capacity-driven and based on the trend against the activity history. When the uncertainty comes from the external, then the forecasts derived from these models cannot provide convincing insights to let the firms make decisions confidently. Many previous prestigious studies focused on the problem-solving optimization mathematic methods and articulated the causality among latent factors; few have addressed to a holistic framework that the firms can practice on. This study presents a clear operable step-by-step framework to manage and cushion the impact from the external uncertain factors. It also introduces three novel and feasible production planning models with the consideration of the economic parameters. The empirical case was a multi-nation machinery-making firm who has adopted the proposed framework to optimize the material forecasts pursuing their smart manufacturing goals
Better age estimations using UV-optical colours: breaking the age-metallicity degeneracy
We demonstrate that the combination of GALEX UV photometry in the FUV (~1530
angstroms) and NUV (~2310 angstroms) passbands with optical photometry in the
standard U,B,V,R,I filters can efficiently break the age-metallicity
degeneracy. We estimate well-constrained ages, metallicities and their
associated errors for 42 GCs in M31, and show that the full set of
FUV,NUV,U,B,V,R,I photometry produces age estimates that are ~90 percent more
constrained and metallicity estimates that are ~60 percent more constrained
than those produced by using optical filters alone. The quality of the age
constraints is comparable or marginally better than those achieved using a
large number of spectrscopic indices.Comment: Published in MNRAS (2007), 381, L74 (doi:
10.1111/j.1745-3933.2007.00370.x
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High Level Requirements for the Nuclear Energy -- Knowledge Base for Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NE-KAMS)
The US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE), has been tasked with the important mission of ensuring that nuclear energy remains a compelling and viable energy source in the U.S. The motivations behind this mission include cost-effectively meeting the expected increases in the power needs of the country, reducing carbon emissions and reducing dependence on foreign energy sources. In the near term, to ensure that nuclear power remains a key element of U.S. energy strategy and portfolio, the DOE-NE will be working with the nuclear industry to support safe and efficient operations of existing nuclear power plants. In the long term, to meet the increasing energy needs of the U.S., the DOE-NE will be investing in research and development (R&D) and working in concert with the nuclear industry to build and deploy new, safer and more efficient nuclear power plants. The safe and efficient operations of existing nuclear power plants and designing, licensing and deploying new reactor designs, however, will require focused R&D programs as well as the extensive use and leveraging of advanced modeling and simulation (M&S). M&S will play a key role in ensuring safe and efficient operations of existing and new nuclear reactors. The DOE-NE has been actively developing and promoting the use of advanced M&S in reactor design and analysis through its R&D programs, e.g., the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) and Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL) programs. Also, nuclear reactor vendors are already using CFD and CSM, for design, analysis, and licensing. However, these M&S tools cannot be used with confidence for nuclear reactor applications unless accompanied and supported by verification and validation (V&V) and uncertainty quantification (UQ) processes and procedures which provide quantitative measures of uncertainty for specific applications. The Nuclear Energy Knowledge base for Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NE-KAMS) is being developed at the Idaho National Laboratory in conjunction with Bettis Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, Argonne National Laboratory, Utah State University and others with the objective of establishing a comprehensive and web-accessible knowledge base that will provide technical services and resources for V&V and UQ of M&S in nuclear energy sciences and engineering. The knowledge base will serve as an important resource for technical exchange and collaboration that will enable credible and reliable computational models and simulations for application to nuclear reactor design, analysis and licensing. NE-KAMS will serve as a valuable resource for the nuclear industry, academia, the national laboratories, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the public and will help ensure the safe, economical and reliable operation of existing and future nuclear reactors. From its inception, NE-KAMS will directly support nuclear energy research, development and demonstration programs within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), including the CASL, NEAMS, Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS), Small Modular Reactors (SMR), and Next Generation Nuclear Power Plant (NGNP) programs. These programs all involve M&S of nuclear reactor systems, components and processes, and it is envisioned that NE-KAMS will help to coordinate and facilitate collaboration and sharing of resources and expertise for V&V and UQ across these programs
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Strategic Plan for Nuclear Energy -- Knowledge Base for Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NE-KAMS)
NE-KAMS knowledge base will assist computational analysts, physics model developers, experimentalists, nuclear reactor designers, and federal regulators by: (1) Establishing accepted standards, requirements and best practices for V&V and UQ of computational models and simulations, (2) Establishing accepted standards and procedures for qualifying and classifying experimental and numerical benchmark data, (3) Providing readily accessible databases for nuclear energy related experimental and numerical benchmark data that can be used in V&V assessments and computational methods development, (4) Providing a searchable knowledge base of information, documents and data on V&V and UQ, and (5) Providing web-enabled applications, tools and utilities for V&V and UQ activities, data assessment and processing, and information and data searches. From its inception, NE-KAMS will directly support nuclear energy research, development and demonstration programs within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), including the Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL), the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS), the Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS), the Small Modular Reactors (SMR), and the Next Generation Nuclear Power Plant (NGNP) programs. These programs all involve computational modeling and simulation (M&S) of nuclear reactor systems, components and processes, and it is envisioned that NE-KAMS will help to coordinate and facilitate collaboration and sharing of resources and expertise for V&V and UQ across these programs. In addition, from the outset, NE-KAMS will support the use of computational M&S in the nuclear industry by developing guidelines and recommended practices aimed at quantifying the uncertainty and assessing the applicability of existing analysis models and methods. The NE-KAMS effort will initially focus on supporting the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and thermal hydraulics (T/H) analysis for M&S of nuclear reactor systems, components and processes, and will later expand to include materials, fuel system performance and other areas of M&S as time and funding allow
Fate of diluted bitumen spilled in the coastal waters of British Columbia, Canada.
Abstract There is public concern about the behaviour of spilled diluted bitumen (dilbit) in marine and estuarine waters. We provide a preliminary assessment of the results of laboratory experiments and models, in the context of environmental conditions in the coastal waters of British Columbia. Most dilbit spilled within this region would likely float at the surface and be transported to shore by winds and currents. Fresh dilbit is too light to sink in coastal waters. Highly weathered dilbit could sink where salinity is less than 14, typically only near river mouths and in the top 1â3âŻm of fjords after heavy rainfall. Subsurface plumes of weathered dilbit could re-emerge at the surface. Sinking oil-particle aggregates are unlikely to form in coastal waters. However, dilbit could be entrained below the surface by wave mixing during storms and to depths of 150âŻm by coherent mixing in the Haro Strait tidal convergence zone
UV properties of early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster
We study the UV properties of a volume limited sample of early-type galaxies
in the Virgo cluster combining new GALEX far- (1530 A) and near-ultraviolet
(2310 A) data with spectro-photometric data available at other wavelengths. The
sample includes 264 ellipticals, lenticulars and dwarfs spanning a large range
in luminosity (M(B)<-15). While the NUV to optical or near-IR color magnitude
relations (CMR) are similar to those observed at optical wavelengths, with a
monotonic reddening of the color index with increasing luminosity, the (FUV-V)
and (FUV-H) CMRs show a discontinuity between massive and dwarf objects. An
even more pronounced dichotomy is observed in the (FUV-NUV) CMR. For
ellipticals the (FUV-NUV) color becomes bluer with increasing luminosity and
with increasing reddening of the optical or near-IR color indices. For the
dwarfs the opposite trend is observed. These observational evidences are
consistent with the idea that the UV emission is dominated by hot, evolved
stars in giant systems, while in dwarf ellipticals residual star formation
activity is more common.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in
Astrophysical Journal Letter
The Local Universe as Seen in Far-Infrared and in Far-Ultraviolet: A Global Point of View on the Local Recent Star Formation
We select far-infrared (FIR-60 microns) and far-ultraviolet (FUV-1530 A)
samples of nearby galaxies in order to discuss the biases encountered by
monochromatic surveys (FIR or FUV). Very different volumes are sampled by each
selection and much care is taken to apply volume corrections to all the
analyses. The distributions of the bolometric luminosity of young stars are
compared for both samples: they are found to be consistent with each other for
galaxies of intermediate luminosities but some differences are found for high
(>5 10^{10} L_sun) luminosities. The shallowness of the IRAS survey prevents us
from securing comparison at low luminosities (<2 10^9 L_sun). The ratio of the
total infrared (TIR) luminosity to the FUV luminosity is found to increase with
the bolometric luminosity in a similar way for both samples up to 5 10^{10}
L_sun. Brighter galaxies are found to have a different behavior according to
their selection: the L_TIR/L_FUV ratio of the FUV-selected galaxies brighter
than 5 10^{10} L_sun reaches a plateau whereas L_TIR/L_FUV continues to
increase with the luminosity of bright galaxies selected in FIR. The
volume-averaged specific star formation rate (SFR per unit galaxy stellar mass,
SSFR) is found to decrease toward massive galaxies within each selection. The
SSFR is found to be larger than that measured for optical and NIR-selected
sample over the whole mass range for the FIR selection, and for masses larger
than 10^{10} M_sun for the FUV selection. Luminous and massive galaxies
selected in FIR appear as active as galaxies with similar characteristics
detected at z ~ 0.7.Comment: 32 pages, 9 figures, to be published in the Astrophysical Journal
Supplement series dedicated to GALEX result
MCAO near-IR photometry of the Globular Cluster NGC 6388: MAD observations in crowded fields
Deep photometry of crowded fields, such as Galactic Globular Clusters, is
severely limited by the actual resolution of ground-based telescopes. On the
other hand, the Hubble Space Telescope does not provide the near-infrared (NIR)
filters needed to allow large color baselines. In this work we aim at
demonstrating how ground based observations can reach the required resolution
when using Multi-Conjugated Adaptive Optic (MCAO) devices in the NIR, such as
the experimental infrared camera (MAD) available on the VLT. This is
particularly important since these corrections are planned to be available on
all ground--based telescopes in the near future. We do this by combining the
infrared photometry obtained by MAD/VLT with ACS/HST optical photometry of our
scientific target, the bulge globular cluster NGC 6388, in which we imaged two
fields. In particular, we constructed color-magnitude diagrams with an
extremely wide color baseline in order to investigate the presence of multiple
stellar populations in this cluster. From the analysis of the external field,
observed with better seeing conditions, we derived the deepest optical-NIR CMD
of NGC 6388 to date. The high-precision photometry reveals that two distinct
sub-giant branches are clearly present in this cluster. We also use the CMD
from the central region to estimate the distance ((m-M)=15.33) and the
reddening (E(B-V)=0.38) for this cluster. We estimate the age to be ~11.5+/-
1.5 Gyr. The large relative-age error reflects the bimodal distribution of the
SGB stars. This study clearly demonstrates how MCAO correction in the NIR bands
implemented on ground based telescopes can complement the high-resolution
optical data from HST.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication on A. &
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